2020, Vol. 2, Special Issue 2, Part A

Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department. Cardiology. Total 120 patients were evaluated clinically, and detailed Cardiovascular, Neurological examination was done to evaluate etiology and for any evidence of thromboembolism. Echocardiography was also done.

Results: Among the total 120 patients, males were predominant in this study as 66.67% and females were 33.33%. 110 patients (91.67%) in this study were hypertensive, 26 patients (21.67%) were diabetic, 41 patients (34.17%) had a significant history of Alcohol consumption and history of smoking was present in 13 patients (10.83%). Metabolic Syndrome was present in 17 patients (14.17%). The most predominant presenting symptom was dyspnea that was class IV in 75 patients (62.5%) followed by pedal edema in 41 patients (34.17%), Stroke in 23 patients (19.17%), Palpitations in 20 patients (16.67%), Typical Chest Pain in 7 patients (5.83%) and in 20 patients (10%) AF was discovered incidently during work up of some inter current illness. It was seen in 73 patients out of 107 (68.22%) followed by Coronary artery disease (CAD) in 21 patients (19.63%), Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) in 5 patients (4.67%) and 2 patient (1.87%) each of congenital heart disease (CHD), Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (HOCM), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Lone AF. Among the cases of valvular AF of 13 patients, Mitral stenosis with Mitral regurgitation was the most common lesion found in 11 patients (84.62%). 11 patients (84.62%) out of 13 had severe Mitral Stenosis having valve area of <1.5 cm2. Mean LA Size in this study was 48.15±10.05 mm. Ejection Fraction (EF) was found to be more than 44% in 87 patients (72.5%) and less than 44% in 33 patients (27.5%) as evaluated in the study. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was seen in 91 patients. Diastolic Dysfunction was seen in 19 patients (15.83%) out of 120.

Conclusion: The most prevalent cause in the senior age group was hypertensive heart disease. The presence of LVH or left atrial enlargement in hypertensive heart disease patients necessitates early intervention to enhance outcomes.